The 35 species of pheasants are characterized by strong sexual dimorphism, males being highly ornate with bright colors and adornments such as wattles and long tails. Males are usually larger than females and have longer tails. The male pheasant plays no part in rearing the young. Pheasants typically eat seeds and some insects.

The best-known is the common pheasant, or ring-necked pheasant, which is widespread throughout the world in introduced feral populations and in farm operations. While common pheasants are able short-distance fliers, they prefer to run. If startled however, pheasants suddenly burst upwards at great speed, with a distinctive "whirring" wing. Various other species, such as the golden pheasant, are popular in aviaries.